High-sensitivity troponin I (hs-cTnI) is a blood test used to detect and measure troponin levels, a protein released when heart muscle is damaged, aiding in the early diagnosis of heart-related conditions and guiding timely medical intervention.
Here’s a more detailed explanation:
What is High-Sensitivity Troponin I?
A Sensitive Biomarker:
High-sensitivity troponin I (hs-cTnI) assays are designed to detect even very small amounts of troponin in the blood, making them more sensitive than older troponin tests.
Heart Muscle Damage:
Troponin is a protein found in heart muscle cells. When these cells are damaged, troponin is released into the bloodstream.
Early Diagnosis:
The ability of hs-cTnI assays to detect low levels of troponin allows for earlier and more accurate diagnosis of heart conditions, including heart attacks (myocardial infarction).
Clinical Applications:
Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome:hs-cTnI is used to help diagnose and manage patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which includes heart attacks and unstable angina.
Cardiovascular Risk Stratification:hs-cTnI can also be used to assess cardiovascular risk in individuals, even those without apparent symptoms.
Monitoring Therapeutic Responses:hs-cTnI can be used to monitor the effectiveness of treatments for heart conditions.
How it Works:
Serial Sampling:Measuring troponin levels at multiple time points (serial sampling) is crucial to detect the characteristic rise and fall of troponin levels associated with a heart attack.
Distinguishing AMI from other conditions:Serial sampling helps differentiate a heart attack (AMI) from other conditions that can cause elevated troponin levels, such as renal failure, arrhythmias, or pulmonary embolism.
Advantages of High-Sensitivity Assays:
Increased Sensitivity:hs-cTnI assays are significantly more sensitive than older assays, allowing for earlier and more accurate detection of heart damage.
Earlier Rule-Out:They can help rule out non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) at an earlier time after the onset of chest pain.
Facilitate Earlier Discharge:In some cases, they can help facilitate earlier discharge for patients with normal troponin levels.
Important Considerations:
Not a Definitive Diagnosis:
Elevated hs-cTnI levels alone do not always indicate a heart attack, and other conditions can also cause elevated levels.
Clinical Context:
Troponin values must be interpreted in the context of the patient’s clinical presentation and other diagnostic tests.
Prompt Medical Evaluation:
Elevated hs-cTnI levels require prompt medical evaluation and treatment to prevent complications and protect heart health.
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Human Leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA- B27) belongs to a group of cell surface glycoproteins which are expressed on most nucleated human cells and platelets. It is a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule. The presence of HLA – B27 is strongly associated with ankylosing spondylitis and some inflammatory disorders like Reiter’s syndrome, inflammatory bowel syndrome, etc. The binding ability of specific monoclonal antibodies to the antigenic determinants expressed by leucocytes on the surface forms the basis of this test. HLA-B 27 test is generally advised in patients suffering from joint pain where the diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis is suspected. A positive test result indicates higher chances of developing this disease. Avail of the service by booking the HLA-B27 test online at an affordable rate, at your doorstep.
HLA-B27 is a protein found on white blood cells that helps the immune system identify harmful substances. It’s also the name of a blood test that checks for the presence of this protein.
What is HLA-B27 associated with?
Ankylosing spondylitis: An autoimmune disease that affects the spine. Most people with ankylosing spondylitis have the HLA-B27 gene, but many people with the gene never develop the disease.
Reactive arthritis: An autoimmune disease that affects the joints. 60–85% of patients with reactive arthritis are HLA-B27 positive.
Juvenile arthritis: An autoimmune disease that occurs in children.
How is the test performed?
The HLA-B27 test is a blood draw that’s usually taken from the arm.
A healthcare provider in a doctor’s office or a clinical lab administers the test.
The blood is collected in a tube and sent to a lab for analysis.
HLA-B27 prevalence
The prevalence of HLA-B27 varies between populations.
In the UK, HLA-B27 is present in 90–95% of patients with ankylosing spondylitis.
In the general population, 8 in every 100 people have the HLA-B27 gene variant.
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Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is a test that measures insulin resistance. It’s used in clinical practice and epidemiological studies to help identify people who may have type 2 diabetes.
How it’s calculated
HOMA-IR is calculated using fasting blood sugar and insulin levels
The formula is: Fasting serum insulin (μU/ml) × fasting plasma glucose (mmol l)/22.5
The threshold HOMA-IR level that indicates insulin resistance varies by study
What it’s used for
HOMA-IR is used to estimate insulin resistance, which is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease
It’s also used to predict the risk of metabolic syndrome and inflammatory disease
Who it’s used for
HOMA-IR has been used in clinical and epidemiological studies of adults
It’s also been used in studies of adolescents
Other considerations
HOMA-IR is a biomarker for type 2 diabetes
The role of HOMA-IR in non-diabetics is less clear
HOMA-IR levels can vary depending on age, gender, and other factors
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Blood tests for hypertension measure levels of potassium, sodium, cholesterol, and glucose in your blood. They may also include a urinalysis and other tests.
Blood tests
Complete blood count: Checks your blood cell count
Blood chemistry: Measures levels of potassium, sodium, creatinine, and total cholesterol
Cholesterol test: Also known as a lipid profile, this test measures levels of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol
Blood sugar (glucose) test: Determines if you have diabetes
Aldosterone test: Measures the amount of aldosterone in your blood or urine
Urine tests
Urinalysis: Can reveal kidney or liver problems
Other tests
Kidney function tests: Check for kidney damage
Thyroid function tests: Check for thyroid issues
ECG (electrocardiogram): Checks your heart’s electrical activity
Blood pressure
Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). A reading of 130/80 mm Hg or higher is considered high blood pressure.
Preparation
Before a blood pressure test, you should avoid exercising, drinking coffee, or smoking cigarettes. You should also sit in a chair and relax for at least five minutes.
₹3,500.00Original price was: ₹3,500.00.₹3,000.00Current price is: ₹3,000.00.
