JAANCH -TUMOUR PANEL ADVANCED (FEMALE)

Elevated CA 125 levels are seen in many patients with cancer of the ovary. The percentage of positive cases increases with stage of the cancer. This assay is useful for evaluating patient’s response to ovarian cancer therapy. It also helps in predicting recurrent ovarian cancer or intraperitoneal tumor

This assay is useful for predicting early recurrence in women treated for Carcinoma Breast. It is specially useful for serial testing in women with prior Stage II / III breast cancer who are clinically free of disease.

CA 19.9 is useful to monitor the response to treatment and if elevated suggests recurrence in patients with Pancreatic Cancer. Elevated concentrations are not specific. Use in patients with other medical conditions is not advised.

This is a useful assay for follow up management of patients undergoing cancer therapy specially for testicular tumors, ovarian tumors and Hepatocellular carcinoma. It is often used in conjunction with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) test

Chromogranin A is the first line test for diagnosing Carcinoid tumors. It is used as a followup test for treated cases of Carcinoid tumors. It is useful as an adjunct in the diagnosis of other Neuroendocrine tumors including Pheochromocytoma, Pituitary adenomas and functioning & non-functioning Islet cell and Gastrointestinal APUD tumors.

Increased levels of CEA are found in patients with primary Colorectal carcinoma and other malignancies like Medullary thyroid carcinoma and Carcinoma of breast, GI tract, liver, lung, ovarian, pancreatic and prostate. Serial monitoring of CEA should begin prior to therapy to establish a baseline for evaluating possible recurrence. Levels generally return to normal within 1 to 4 months after removal of tumor. Smokers show a higher baseline level of CEA.

A “Tumor Panel” refers to a collection of tests that examine tumor markers, substances produced by cancer cells or in response to cancer, to help diagnose, monitor, and guide treatment for cancer.
Here’s a more detailed explanation:
What are Tumor Markers?
Tumor markers are substances, like proteins or enzymes, that can be found in the blood, urine, or tissues of people with cancer.
They can be produced by cancer cells themselves or by the body in response to the presence of cancer.
Examples of tumor markers include:
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA): for prostate cancer.
Cancer antigen 125 (CA 125): for ovarian cancer.
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA): for colon cancer.
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP): for testicular cancer.
Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (Beta-hCG)
CA15-3
CA19-9
Chromogranin A (CgA)
HE4
How are Tumor Panels Used?
Diagnosis:
Tumor marker tests can help diagnose cancer, but they are often used in conjunction with other tests, like imaging scans or biopsies.
Staging:
They can help determine the extent of cancer spread (cancer stage).
Treatment Planning:
Certain treatments may be more effective for cancers with specific tumor markers.
Monitoring Treatment:
Tumor marker levels can be monitored to see if treatment is working and to detect cancer recurrence.
Screening:
In some cases, tumor marker tests may be used to screen for cancer in individuals at high risk.
Important Considerations:
Tumor markers can be elevated in conditions other than cancer, so results should always be interpreted in the context of other clinical findings.
Not all tumor markers are useful for all cancers.
Tumor marker tests are most often used after a cancer diagnosis to help guide treatment and monitor the disease.